含有申請人企業名稱全稱的商標能獲準注冊嗎?
現實(shi)中,很多(duo)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)愿意(yi)用(yong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)全稱(cheng)作(zuo)(zuo)為商(shang)標進行注(zhu)(zhu)冊申(shen)請。為什(shen)么很多(duo)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)有(you)這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)商(shang)標注(zhu)(zhu)冊需(xu)求?這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)商(shang)標在過去十幾年間審查(cha)標準和實(shi)踐有(you)怎樣(yang)的(de)變化和趨(qu)勢?根據目前的(de)審查(cha)實(shi)踐將企(qi)(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)全稱(cheng)作(zuo)(zuo)為商(shang)標注(zhu)(zhu)冊是否還(huan)是個好(hao)的(de)選擇(ze)(ze)?這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)選擇(ze)(ze)可(ke)能會面臨(lin)哪(na)些(xie)問(wen)題?對于(yu)此類(lei)商(shang)標的(de)注(zhu)(zhu)冊申(shen)請有(you)什(shen)么建議?上述這(zhe)些(xie)就(jiu)是本文擬探(tan)討和解(jie)決的(de)問(wen)題,并希望能對有(you)此種需(xu)求的(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)有(you)所(suo)幫助。
一(yi)、為什么很多企(qi)業(ye)愿(yuan)意選擇其企(qi)業(ye)名稱(cheng)全稱(cheng)作(zuo)為商標注冊?
首先,很(hen)多企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有在全(quan)國(guo)范圍(wei)內(nei)(nei)獨占一(yi)個(ge)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)的(de)強烈意愿。現行法(fa)律(lv)框架下,企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)按照行政區(qu)劃范圍(wei)登記(ji)的(de),不(bu)(bu)(bu)具有排他性。所以(yi)本(ben)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在此行政區(qu)劃內(nei)(nei)對企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)的(de)登記(ji)和使(shi)用(yong)無(wu)法(fa)阻止(zhi)同(tong)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在彼(bi)行政區(qu)劃內(nei)(nei)對相同(tong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)的(de)登記(ji)和使(shi)用(yong),這(zhe)就(jiu)可能導致在全(quan)國(guo)范圍(wei)內(nei)(nei)數個(ge)分布在不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)省份的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在同(tong)時使(shi)用(yong)同(tong)一(yi)個(ge)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)。但企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)際(ji)上不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅僅是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)謂,還是(shi)傳達企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經營(ying)理念、價值取向(xiang)、產品(pin)或服務品(pin)質(zhi)、市場的(de)聲(sheng)譽地位等眾多信息的(de)一(yi)個(ge)重(zhong)要載體(ti),所以(yi)很(hen)多企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)希望自己的(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)在全(quan)國(guo)范圍(wei)內(nei)(nei)是(shi)獨一(yi)無(wu)二的(de),不(bu)(bu)(bu)希望其他市場主體(ti)也使(shi)用(yong)和自己一(yi)樣的(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng),這(zhe)樣至少可以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)被相同(tong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)的(de)市場主體(ti)可能出現的(de)負(fu)面新聞等所累。
第二(er),企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)僅登(deng)記注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)(ce)不(bu)(bu)但(dan)(dan)無法(fa)獨占(zhan)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),而且可能(neng)在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)存在潛(qian)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)風險。根(gen)據(ju)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)地(di)(di)域(yu)性管轄的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點,企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是很難阻(zu)止全(quan)國范(fan)圍內其(qi)他(ta)(ta)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)自(zi)己一(yi)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de),除非能(neng)舉證證明自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)經過使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)為相(xiang)關(guan)消費(fei)者(zhe)所知悉(xi)從而根(gen)據(ju)反(fan)不(bu)(bu)正當競爭法(fa)提起民(min)(min)事訴(su)訟(song),而這(zhe)對(dui)于初創企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)來(lai)說(shuo)并不(bu)(bu)容易,對(dui)于一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)來(lai)講(jiang)民(min)(min)事訴(su)訟(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成本也不(bu)(bu)低。不(bu)(bu)但(dan)(dan)如此,因為企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)登(deng)記注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)(ce)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)相(xiang)關(guan)主管機(ji)關(guan)是不(bu)(bu)會提示(shi)該企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)或(huo)其(qi)字號是否與其(qi)他(ta)(ta)地(di)(di)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)已用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)或(huo)者(zhe)已注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)(ce)商標相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)或(huo)近似的(de)(de)(de)(de),根(gen)據(ju)《商標法(fa)》和(he)《反(fan)不(bu)(bu)正當競爭法(fa)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)規定,本企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)稍有不(bu)(bu)慎還(huan)可能(neng)面臨被他(ta)(ta)人提起擅(shan)自(zi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)他(ta)(ta)人有一(yi)定影響的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)或(huo)者(zhe)注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)(ce)商標的(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)不(bu)(bu)正當競爭之訴(su)。這(zhe)種情況下企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為了規避風險,也就自(zi)然想到(dao)通過將企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)作為商標注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)途徑來(lai)達(da)到(dao)獨占(zhan)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。在某種程(cheng)度上(shang),成功(gong)注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)(ce)為商標的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)確(que)實(shi)可以減少(shao)其(qi)他(ta)(ta)市場主體使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)概率。
第(di)三(san),以(yi)前的(de)(de)(de)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)審(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)鼓(gu)勵。根據2005年12月31日國家工商行(xing)政管(guan)理(li)總局商標(biao)(biao)(biao)局、商標(biao)(biao)(biao)評審(shen)(shen)(shen)委(wei)員會發(fa)布并(bing)一直沿(yan)用至2016年底(di)的(de)(de)(de)《商標(biao)(biao)(biao)審(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)》關(guan)于(yu)含(han)(han)有(you)地(di)名(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)審(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun),即“申(shen)請(qing)注(zhu)冊的(de)(de)(de)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)由縣級以(yi)上行(xing)政區劃的(de)(de)(de)地(di)名(ming)(ming)構成,或者(zhe)含(han)(han)有(you)縣級以(yi)上行(xing)政區劃的(de)(de)(de)地(di)名(ming)(ming),不予注(zhu)冊。但(dan)(dan)有(you)下列情(qing)形之一的(de)(de)(de)除外:……3.申(shen)請(qing)人(ren)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)含(han)(han)有(you)地(di)名(ming)(ming),申(shen)請(qing)人(ren)以(yi)其全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)作為(wei)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)申(shen)請(qing)注(zhu)冊的(de)(de)(de)。例如香港置地(di)有(you)限公(gong)司申(shen)請(qing)的(de)(de)(de)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)。而該版審(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)在(zai)關(guan)于(yu)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)顯(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性(xing)(xing)審(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)中也沒有(you)規定(ding)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)作為(wei)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)申(shen)請(qing)缺乏(fa)顯(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性(xing)(xing)。因此(ci),這條審(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)也在(zai)一定(ding)程度上鼓(gu)勵了企(qi)業(ye)(ye)將(jiang)自己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)作為(wei)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)申(shen)請(qing)注(zhu)冊,不但(dan)(dan)可以(yi)獨占(zhan)這一企(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商標(biao)(biao)(biao),還能增加該商標(biao)(biao)(biao)核(he)準(zhun)注(zhu)冊的(de)(de)(de)成功率。于(yu)是,我國的(de)(de)(de)注(zhu)冊商標(biao)(biao)(biao)中就多(duo)(duo)了很多(duo)(duo)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)。
例(li)如,筆者曾代理墨氏(shi)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)申請(qing)(qing)第15323527號“墨氏(shi)包(bao)裝技術(上(shang)海(hai))有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)”商(shang)標(biao)(biao),初審(shen)階段因為申請(qing)(qing)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)與申請(qing)(qing)人名(ming)義不(bu)(bu)符,使(shi)用(yong)在(zai)指定商(shang)品上(shang)易產生(sheng)誤認,且其中含(han)有(you)(you)“上(shang)海(hai)”,不(bu)(bu)得作為商(shang)標(biao)(biao)使(shi)用(yong)而(er)(er)引《商(shang)標(biao)(biao)法(fa)》10.1.7 和(he)10.2條被駁回(hui)。在(zai)評審(shen)過程中申請(qing)(qing)人將本(ben)案商(shang)標(biao)(biao)由(you)墨氏(shi)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)轉讓到墨氏(shi)包(bao)裝技術(上(shang)海(hai))有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)的名(ming)下,從而(er)(er)在(zai)2016年底成(cheng)功克(ke)服誤認和(he)地(di)名(ming)兩個(ge)駁回(hui)因素而(er)(er)贏(ying)得復審(shen),之(zhi)后順利注(zhu)冊。
二、包含申請人企業名稱(cheng)全稱(cheng)商標(biao)的(de)審查標(biao)準及(ji)實(shi)踐在過去十(shi)幾年內發生(sheng)了怎樣的(de)變化?
如(ru)上文所述,根(gen)據2005年(nian)的《商標(biao)審(shen)查標(biao)準(zhun)》,在(zai)2016年(nian)底之前,有(you)很多企業(ye)名稱(cheng)全稱(cheng)商標(biao)順(shun)利獲(huo)準(zhun)注(zhu)冊。如(ru)2011年(nian)北(bei)京(jing)市(shi)政交通(tong)一卡(ka)通(tong)有(you)限公司的“北(bei)京(jing)市(shi)政交通(tong)一卡(ka)通(tong)有(you)限公司及圖”順(shun)利獲(huo)準(zhun)注(zhu)冊;2013年(nian)杰特(te)有(you)限公司順(shun)利注(zhu)冊“杰特(te)有(you)限公司”商標(biao),等等。
在(zai)(zai)此(ci)期間(jian),雖然評審階(jie)段出(chu)現了認(ren)為(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)作為(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)缺(que)(que)乏顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)審查(cha)傾(qing)向(xiang),有(you)些也得(de)到了北(bei)京(jing)(jing)知識(shi)(shi)(shi)產權法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)支持,但(dan)(dan)在(zai)(zai)二審階(jie)段又(you)被(bei)北(bei)京(jing)(jing)市(shi)高(gao)級人民法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(下稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)京(jing)(jing)高(gao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan))推翻。例(li)如,上(shang)海(hai)聯雅投(tou)(tou)資咨詢有(you)限公(gong)司(si)(si)于2012年(nian)申請的(de)(de)(de)"上(shang)海(hai)聯雅投(tou)(tou)資諮詢有(you)限公(gong)司(si)(si)"(第(di)(di)(di)(di)11448305號,36類(lei))商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)被(bei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)局以(yi)相(xiang)對(dui)理(li)由駁回,評審階(jie)段商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)評審委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)認(ren)為(wei)“訴爭商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)整體缺(que)(que)乏顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing),不(bu)具有(you)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)作用,不(bu)宜作為(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao),從而違反(fan)了2001年(nian)修(xiu)正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)《中(zhong)華(hua)人民共和國商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》(以(yi)下簡稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)《商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》)第(di)(di)(di)(di)十一(yi)條(tiao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)款第(di)(di)(di)(di)(三(san))項(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)”。申請人不(bu)服(fu),訴至(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)京(jing)(jing)知識(shi)(shi)(shi)產權法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),一(yi)審判決(jue)維持被(bei)訴決(jue)定(ding)(ding)。申請人上(shang)訴至(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)京(jing)(jing)高(gao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),北(bei)京(jing)(jing)高(gao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(2015)高(gao)行(xing)(知)終字(zi)第(di)(di)(di)(di)2556號判決(jue)書中(zhong)表示:“一(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)由文字(zi)組成的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志,在(zai)(zai)符合企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)登(deng)記(ji)管理(li)規定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下可以(yi)登(deng)記(ji)為(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),但(dan)(dan)不(bu)必然能夠注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊為(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao),該(gai)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)(shi)否可以(yi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊為(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)取決(jue)于其是(shi)(shi)否具有(you)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)特(te)性(xing)(xing)和顯著(zhu)特(te)征,是(shi)(shi)否便于消費者(zhe)將該(gai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)指定(ding)(ding)使用的(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)與(yu)其他商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie),而不(bu)能僅(jin)以(yi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)性(xing)(xing)代替(ti)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing),企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)性(xing)(xing)與(yu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing)具有(you)質的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同與(yu)量的(de)(de)(de)差異。本(ben)案(an)中(zhong),訴爭商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)為(wei)"上(shang)海(hai)聯雅投(tou)(tou)資諮詢有(you)限公(gong)司(si)(si)"文字(zi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao),與(yu)上(shang)海(hai)聯雅公(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)完全相(xiang)同,僅(jin)有(you)部分(fen)漢字(zi)繁簡體的(de)(de)(de)差別(bie)。其中(zhong),"聯雅"為(wei)其字(zi)號,具有(you)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)性(xing)(xing)和顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing)。原審法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)評審委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)關(guan)于訴爭商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)違反(fan)《商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》第(di)(di)(di)(di)十一(yi)條(tiao)第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)款第(di)(di)(di)(di)(三(san))項(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)認(ren)定(ding)(ding)有(you)誤,應予(yu)糾正(zheng)”。根據這份判決(jue),本(ben)案(an)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)最終獲準注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊。
北京高院(yuan)在(zai)上(shang)述判(pan)決(jue)書中雖然認為申(shen)請(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)中的(de)(de)(de)"聯(lian)雅"為其(qi)(qi)字(zi)號,具有(you)(you)(you)(you)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識的(de)(de)(de)識別(bie)性(xing)和(he)顯(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性(xing),但(dan)也明確(que)表示(shi)核準登記(ji)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)名稱是(shi)否可以注冊為商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)取決(jue)于(yu)是(shi)否便于(yu)消(xiao)費者將(jiang)該(gai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)指定使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)與(yu)其(qi)(qi)他商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)識別(bie),企(qi)(qi)業(ye)名稱的(de)(de)(de)識別(bie)性(xing)與(yu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性(xing)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同與(yu)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)差異(yi)。也就是(shi)說如果企(qi)(qi)業(ye)名稱全稱中不(bu)包含具有(you)(you)(you)(you)顯(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)字(zi)號,該(gai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)名稱全稱商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)還是(shi)應(ying)(ying)該(gai)被駁(bo)回的(de)(de)(de)。筆(bi)者發現(xian)如下(xia)案例也確(que)實印證了北京高院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)觀(guan)點:中國(guo)(guo)人(ren)壽再保(bao)險(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)責(ze)(ze)任公司申(shen)請(qing)注冊“中國(guo)(guo)人(ren)壽再保(bao)險(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)責(ze)(ze)任公司”(第22438848號)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao),國(guo)(guo)知局并未(wei)考慮申(shen)請(qing)人(ren)在(zai)中國(guo)(guo)壟斷(duan)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)殊地位以及經(jing)過使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)與(yu)申(shen)請(qing)人(ren)形成(cheng)穩固對應(ying)(ying)關系而獲得(de)了顯(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)理由,在(zai)駁(bo)回復審裁定中仍堅持“申(shen)請(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)指定使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)復審服務(wu)上(shang),消(xiao)費者不(bu)易將(jiang)其(qi)(qi)作為商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)予(yu)以識別(bie),缺(que)乏商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)應(ying)(ying)有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性(xing),無法(fa)起到區(qu)分服務(wu)來(lai)源的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong),已構(gou)成(cheng)《中華人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國(guo)(guo)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)法(fa)》第十一(yi)(yi)條第一(yi)(yi)款第(三)項所指缺(que)乏顯(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)特(te)(te)征的(de)(de)(de)情形。申(shen)請(qing)人(ren)提交的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)證據(ju)尚不(bu)足以證明申(shen)請(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)經(jing)過使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)取得(de)了商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)應(ying)(ying)有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)特(te)(te)征”。筆(bi)者未(wei)發現(xian)針對該(gai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)提起的(de)(de)(de)任何行政(zheng)訴訟信息。
到了(le)2016年(nian)(nian)12月,原(yuan)國家工商(shang)行政管理(li)總局(ju)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)局(ju)和商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)評審(shen)(shen)(shen)委(wei)員(yuan)會聯合(he)發布(bu)的(de)(de)新版(ban)的(de)(de)《商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)審(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)和審(shen)(shen)(shen)理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準》中刪掉了(le)地(di)名商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)審(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)中“申請(qing)人(ren)名稱(cheng)(cheng)含有地(di)名,申請(qing)人(ren)以其全稱(cheng)(cheng)作為商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)申請(qing)注(zhu)冊(ce)的(de)(de)”可以獲準注(zhu)冊(ce)的(de)(de)例外(wai)規(gui)定。于(yu)是,2017年(nian)(nian)之后,國家知識產(chan)權局(ju)(原(yuan)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)局(ju)和商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)評審(shen)(shen)(shen)委(wei)員(yuan)會)對待將申請(qing)企業(ye)名稱(cheng)(cheng)全稱(cheng)(cheng)作為商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)是否缺乏顯著(zhu)性(xing)這一問題(ti)就出(chu)現(xian)了(le)態度(du)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)轉折,大量企業(ye)名稱(cheng)(cheng)全稱(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)申請(qing)被(bei)駁回。不過也有個別商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)通過復審(shen)(shen)(shen)程序獲準注(zhu)冊(ce)的(de)(de),例如亞(ya)必思亞(ya)洲咨詢有限責(ze)任(ren)公(gong)司(AOBC ASIA CONSULTING, LLC)在第35類上(shang)(shang)申請(qing)第22756934號“AOBC ASIACONSULTING, LLC”商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao),初(chu)審(shen)(shen)(shen)階(jie)段因缺乏顯著(zhu)性(xing)被(bei)駁回,但通過復審(shen)(shen)(shen)程序于(yu)2018年(nian)(nian)獲準注(zhu)冊(ce)。不知道這個案例是否和申請(qing)人(ren)是國外(wai)主體(ti)且申請(qing)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)是英文商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)有關,還是評審(shen)(shen)(shen)審(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)員(yuan)采納了(le)上(shang)(shang)述“上(shang)(shang)海聯雅投資諮(zi)詢有限公(gong)司”商(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)案中北京高院的(de)(de)觀(guan)點。
這(zhe)期間還出現了(le)(le)一種說(shuo)法(fa),即以(yi)企業(ye)名稱(cheng)全稱(cheng)加上顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性較強的(de)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)一起申請就可以(yi)因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)部分(fen)的(de)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性而核準(zhun)注(zhu)冊(ce)。筆者發現,實踐中確(que)實有(you)因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)部分(fen)的(de)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性而使整件商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)順利(li)獲(huo)(huo)準(zhun)注(zhu)冊(ce)的(de)案例,如(ru)(ru)慶陽(yang)(yang)客(ke)里嘛擦跑腿服務有(you)限責任(ren)公司(si)2016年(nian)(nian)申請的(de)“”(慶陽(yang)(yang)客(ke)里嘛擦跑腿服務有(you)限責任(ren)公司(si)及圖(tu)(tu),第(di)20680191號)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)。但是,也有(you)很多類(lei)似(si)構成的(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)因(yin)(yin)(yin)為(wei)缺(que)乏(fa)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性而被駁(bo)回(hui)(hui),有(you)些商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)被駁(bo)回(hui)(hui)后即便經(jing)過復審(shen)甚(shen)至(zhi)行政訴訟程序也不一定能獲(huo)(huo)準(zhun)注(zhu)冊(ce)。例如(ru)(ru)內(nei)蒙古云露水業(ye)有(you)限責任(ren)公司(si)于2016年(nian)(nian)3月申請的(de)“”商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(第(di)19330675號,35類(lei))因(yin)(yin)(yin)在(zai)先(xian)近似(si)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)和缺(que)乏(fa)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)性兩個原(yuan)因(yin)(yin)(yin)駁(bo)回(hui)(hui),經(jing)復審(shen),商(shang)(shang)(shang)評委在(zai)2018年(nian)(nian)1月做(zuo)出的(de)評審(shen)決定中認為(wei)該(gai)申請商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)與(yu)引證(zheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)不構成近似(si)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao),但是,“申請商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)指定使用在(zai)廣(guang)告(gao)宣傳等(deng)服務上,不易(yi)使消費(fei)者將(jiang)其作為(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)別,缺(que)乏(fa)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)應有(you)的(de)顯(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)特征”并因(yin)(yin)(yin)此駁(bo)回(hui)(hui)了(le)(le)該(gai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)注(zhu)冊(ce)申請。
又(you)如,南(nan)京(jing)(jing)智(zhi)浚(jun)(jun)馳(chi)企(qi)(qi)業管(guan)理(li)咨詢(xun)(xun)(xun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司于(yu)2015年(nian)12月在(zai)35類上(shang)(shang)申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)第(di)18551803號 “”(南(nan)京(jing)(jing)智(zhi)浚(jun)(jun)馳(chi)企(qi)(qi)業管(guan)理(li)咨詢(xun)(xun)(xun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司Nanjing ZhiJun chi enterprise management consulting co., LTD及zjc圖(tu)形)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao),初審(shen)階段因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)與(yu)(yu)含有(you)(you)(you)(you)顯著(zhu)識別(bie)(bie)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)“ZJC”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)先商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)近似(si)(si)被駁回。評(ping)(ping)(ping)審(shen)階段,評(ping)(ping)(ping)委(wei)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing)較弱,因(yin)(yin)此雙方商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯著(zhu)識別(bie)(bie)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)都是(shi)(shi)“ZJC”,構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)近似(si)(si)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)。一(yi)審(shen)階段,北(bei)京(jing)(jing)知(zhi)識產(chan)(chan)(chan)權法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)經(jing)(jing)過藝(yi)(yi)術化(hua)處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)ZJC與(yu)(yu)引證商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“ZJC”可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)區分(fen)(fen)(fen),雙方商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)不(bu)(bu)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)近似(si)(si)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao),因(yin)(yin)此,判(pan)決(jue)撤(che)銷評(ping)(ping)(ping)審(shen)決(jue)定(ding)并重(zhong)新(xin)做(zuo)出決(jue)定(ding)。商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)評(ping)(ping)(ping)審(shen)委(wei)員會(hui)(hui)不(bu)(bu)服(fu)訴至北(bei)京(jing)(jing)高院(yuan)(yuan)。北(bei)京(jing)(jing)高院(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)2018年(nian)3月下發的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)判(pan)決(jue)書中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)支持(chi)了(le)北(bei)京(jing)(jing)知(zhi)識產(chan)(chan)(chan)權法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)關于(yu)申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)與(yu)(yu)引證商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)不(bu)(bu)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)近似(si)(si)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀點(dian),同時表示(shi)(shi):“申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯著(zhu)識別(bie)(bie)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)“南(nan)京(jing)(jing)智(zhi)浚(jun)(jun)馳(chi)企(qi)(qi)業管(guan)理(li)咨詢(xun)(xun)(xun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司”為(wei)(wei)智(zhi)浚(jun)(jun)馳(chi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),將(jiang)其(qi)使用(yong)在(zai)申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)指定(ding)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務項目(mu)上(shang)(shang),相關公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)眾很難(nan)將(jiang)其(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識別(bie)(bie),無法(fa)起到(dao)區分(fen)(fen)(fen)服(fu)務來源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)識別(bie)(bie)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong),缺乏顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing)。除中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)英文(wen)文(wen)字部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)外,雖然申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志還包含了(le)其(qi)他圖(tu)形部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen),但(dan)(dan)就其(qi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志整(zheng)體(ti)而(er)(er)言,仍不(bu)(bu)易(yi)被相關公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)眾作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)加(jia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)識別(bie)(bie),不(bu)(bu)應(ying)予以(yi)(yi)(yi)核準注冊。商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)評(ping)(ping)(ping)審(shen)委(wei)員會(hui)(hui)在(zai)對申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)重(zhong)新(xin)進行審(shen)查時,應(ying)當(dang)就申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)是(shi)(shi)否符合商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)法(fa)第(di)十一(yi)條的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)一(yi)并予以(yi)(yi)(yi)審(shen)查”。但(dan)(dan)是(shi)(shi)戲劇性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi),商(shang)(shang)(shang)評(ping)(ping)(ping)委(wei)在(zai)其(qi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)評(ping)(ping)(ping)字[2017]第(di)0000089126號重(zhong)審(shen)第(di)0000000773號的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)裁決(jue)定(ding)書中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)對于(yu)整(zheng)體(ti)顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)定(ding)是(shi)(shi)這(zhe)樣(yang)表述(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“根(gen)據法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)判(pan)決(jue),我委(wei)認(ren)為(wei)(wei),申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)雖含有(you)(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)業全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“南(nan)京(jing)(jing)智(zhi)浚(jun)(jun)馳(chi)企(qi)(qi)業管(guan)理(li)咨詢(xun)(xun)(xun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司”,但(dan)(dan)其(qi)組成(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)還有(you)(you)(you)(you)經(jing)(jing)過藝(yi)(yi)術化(hua)處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)英文(wen)字母“z”“j”“c”及圖(tu)形,故申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)應(ying)有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing),且其(qi)整(zheng)體(ti)與(yu)(yu)引證商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)在(zai)設計手(shou)法(fa)、視(shi)覺(jue)效(xiao)果、構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)要(yao)素等方面具有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別(bie)(bie),整(zheng)體(ti)尚可(ke)區分(fen)(fen)(fen),未(wei)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)近似(si)(si)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao),故申(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)(qing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)予以(yi)(yi)(yi)初步(bu)審(shen)定(ding)”。這(zhe)一(yi)案例體(ti)現了(le)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)局、商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)評(ping)(ping)(ping)審(shen)委(wei)員會(hui)(hui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及北(bei)京(jing)(jing)知(zhi)識產(chan)(chan)(chan)權法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)對“企(qi)(qi)業名稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)+顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing)圖(tu)形”構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組合商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing)都持(chi)肯定(ding)態(tai)(tai)度,但(dan)(dan)北(bei)京(jing)(jing)高院(yuan)(yuan)卻(que)明確表示(shi)(shi)了(le)雖然含有(you)(you)(you)(you)圖(tu)形部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen),但(dan)(dan)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)整(zheng)體(ti)不(bu)(bu)易(yi)被相關公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)眾作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)加(jia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)識別(bie)(bie),不(bu)(bu)應(ying)予以(yi)(yi)(yi)核準注冊,這(zhe)與(yu)(yu)其(qi)在(zai)2015年(nian)針(zhen)對"上(shang)(shang)海聯雅投資諮詢(xun)(xun)(xun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司"商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)做(zuo)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)判(pan)決(jue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)觀點(dian)完(wan)全(quan)相反。而(er)(er)本案中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)評(ping)(ping)(ping)委(wei)重(zhong)裁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)定(ding)書中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)并未(wei)順著(zhu)北(bei)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)路做(zuo)決(jue)定(ding),而(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)仍然肯定(ding)了(le)這(zhe)一(yi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯著(zhu)性(xing)(xing),這(zhe)與(yu)(yu)其(qi)在(zai)上(shang)(shang)文(wen)提到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)針(zhen)對“內蒙古云露水業有(you)(you)(you)(you)限(xian)責任公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司及圖(tu)”商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)(ping)(ping)審(shen)決(jue)定(ding)書中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)態(tai)(tai)度又(you)截(jie)然相反。
通過上述商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)審(shen)查審(shen)理(li)標(biao)準及審(shen)查實踐(jian)中針對(dui)企業名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)的(de)(de)顯(xian)(xian)著性問題的(de)(de)態度變(bian)化可以(yi)看出,目(mu)(mu)前來(lai)看,無(wu)論是(shi)國家知(zhi)(zhi)識產(chan)權局(ju)(原商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)局(ju)、商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)評審(shen)委員會(hui))、北京(jing)知(zhi)(zhi)識產(chan)權法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)還(huan)(huan)是(shi)北京(jing)高(gao)院(yuan)都(dou)已經(jing)在(zai)純企業名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)是(shi)否具(ju)有顯(xian)(xian)著性上基本達成了一致的(de)(de)否定(ding)態度。但(dan)是(shi),對(dui)于“企業名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)+顯(xian)(xian)著性圖形”的(de)(de)組合商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)的(de)(de)顯(xian)(xian)著性問題,從上面的(de)(de)案(an)例來(lai)看,國家知(zhi)(zhi)識產(chan)權局(ju)在(zai)針對(dui)不同案(an)件(jian)中的(de)(de)態度存在(zai)一定(ding)的(de)(de)主觀不確定(ding)性;而北京(jing)知(zhi)(zhi)識產(chan)權法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)和(he)北京(jing)高(gao)院(yuan)都(dou)有承認(ren)和(he)否認(ren)這(zhe)類(lei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)顯(xian)(xian)著性的(de)(de)判例,只是(shi)目(mu)(mu)前案(an)例樣本比較少(shao),同時(shi)個案(an)的(de)(de)最終結果也(ye)可能受《商(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)法(fa)(fa)》第十一條第二款“經(jing)過使用取得(de)顯(xian)(xian)著性”的(de)(de)例外(wai)規定(ding)影(ying)響,目(mu)(mu)前還(huan)(huan)無(wu)法(fa)(fa)一概(gai)而論。
三、針對含有企(qi)業名稱全稱商標的注冊(ce)建議及考量因素
首先,筆(bi)者不太(tai)建(jian)議一般性(xing)企(qi)業(ye)將企(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱全(quan)稱作(zuo)為(wei)商標(biao)(biao)或者商標(biao)(biao)的(de)一部分進行(xing)申請(qing)注(zhu)冊,原因及考量因素如下:第一:根據現在(zai)(zai)的(de)審(shen)查實(shi)踐,這(zhe)樣的(de)商標(biao)(biao)申請(qing)確實(shi)很容(rong)易因缺(que)乏(fa)顯著性(xing)被駁回,而且經(jing)過駁回復審(shen)甚至兩審(shen)行(xing)政(zheng)訴訟(song)程序獲(huo)(huo)準(zhun)注(zhu)冊的(de)可(ke)能性(xing)也不一定樂觀。所以從(cong)獲(huo)(huo)準(zhun)注(zhu)冊的(de)成功幾(ji)率上考慮,這(zhe)樣的(de)商標(biao)(biao)申請(qing)很可(ke)能是費錢(qian)費力(li)的(de)徒勞之(zhi)舉。即便有例外情(qing)況(kuang),將企(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱全(quan)稱作(zuo)為(wei)商標(biao)(biao)注(zhu)冊,在(zai)(zai)后續使用中仍存在(zai)(zai)風(feng)險或造(zao)成困局,所以還是建(jian)議盡量避免(mian)這(zhe)樣的(de)注(zhu)冊申請(qing)。
第(di)(di)二:從(cong)(cong)(cong)實際識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)習慣(guan)考(kao)(kao)慮,相關消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)一(yi)定都能(neng)將(jiang)企(qi)業名稱全(quan)(quan)稱商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)作為(wei)(wei)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)(shi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)來源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)來選(xuan)擇、購(gou)買(mai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。黃暉博士在(zai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)2016年1月版的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)法》(法律出版社出版)第(di)(di)57頁對商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著(zhu)性(xing)做了清(qing)晰明確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定義,即“商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著(zhu)性(xing)(distinctive character)也(ye)叫顯(xian)著(zhu)特(te)征(zheng),或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)性(xing)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)區別(bie)性(xing),具體是(shi)指該(gai)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志使用在(zai)具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)時(shi),標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)該(gai)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志能(neng)夠讓消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)根據其(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)般或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)費(fei)體驗(yan)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)它應該(gai)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)實際指向特(te)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)提供人”。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)定義中(zhong)(zhong)涉(she)及(ji)了標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)(shi)、商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)以及(ji)消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三個(ge)(ge)要(yao)(yao)素(su),所以判(pan)斷商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)是(shi)否(fou)具有(you)顯(xian)著(zhu)性(xing)需要(yao)(yao)同時(shi)考(kao)(kao)慮這(zhe)三個(ge)(ge)因(yin)素(su)。而從(cong)(cong)(cong)上(shang)文(wen)一(yi)些案例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)審查實踐(jian)來看(kan)(kan)(kan),例(li)如北京高院在(zai)"上(shang)海聯(lian)雅投資(zi)諮詢有(you)限公司(si)"商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(第(di)(di)11448305號(hao)(hao),36類)案中(zhong)(zhong)就以“聯(lian)雅”為(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)字(zi)(zi)號(hao)(hao),具有(you)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)性(xing)和(he)(he)顯(xian)著(zhu)性(xing),從(cong)(cong)(cong)而認(ren)(ren)定該(gai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)具有(you)顯(xian)著(zhu)性(xing),筆者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)一(yi)結(jie)論可能(neng)更多是(shi)從(cong)(cong)(cong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)(shi)本身而沒有(you)從(cong)(cong)(cong)相關消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度多加考(kao)(kao)慮,也(ye)就是(shi)說(shuo),沒考(kao)(kao)慮相關消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)根據其(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)般或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)費(fei)體驗(yan)是(shi)將(jiang)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)(shi)看(kan)(kan)(kan)作是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)還是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)說(shuo)明性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業名稱。筆者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)擔心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi),根據一(yi)般消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)費(fei)體驗(yan),在(zai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)已經(jing)習慣(guan)了將(jiang)汰(tai)漬、格(ge)力(li)、海爾、華為(wei)(wei)、愛馬仕等(deng)簡單(dan)好記的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)(shi)作為(wei)(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)后,忽然看(kan)(kan)(kan)到(dao)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)由“行(xing)政(zheng)區劃+字(zi)(zi)號(hao)(hao)+行(xing)業或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)經(jing)營特(te)點(dian)+組(zu)織形式(shi)”組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)串(chuan)文(wen)字(zi)(zi),其(qi)(qi)(qi)很可能(neng)是(shi)將(jiang)這(zhe)串(chuan)文(wen)字(zi)(zi)作為(wei)(wei)該(gai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提供者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)說(shuo)明性(xing)文(wen)字(zi)(zi)而非商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)看(kan)(kan)(kan)待的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。這(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)(qing)況下,就可能(neng)出現消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)繼續在(zai)該(gai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)上(shang)尋找代表商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)字(zi)(zi)樣(yang)并(bing)可能(neng)因(yin)為(wei)(wei)找不(bu)(bu)到(dao)而放棄(qi)購(gou)買(mai)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況,若此,單(dan)純(chun)申請企(qi)業名稱全(quan)(quan)稱作為(wei)(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)冊和(he)(he)使用,對于企(qi)業可能(neng)并(bing)不(bu)(bu)利于通過該(gai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)宣傳推廣其(qi)(qi)(qi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)業效(xiao)果。當然,同一(yi)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)上(shang)同時(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)有(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)“企(qi)業名稱全(quan)(quan)稱+顯(xian)著(zhu)性(xing)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圖形”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)合商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況還要(yao)(yao)另行(xing)討論。
第三:企業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)很可能面(mian)臨以后無法轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)。如(ru)果企業(ye)(ye)以后想將(jiang)企業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)進行轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang),很可能會因(yin)為《商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)法》第四十二條(tiao)(tiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)即“轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)注冊(ce)(ce)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)注冊(ce)(ce)人對(dui)其(qi)在同(tong)一(yi)種(zhong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)上(shang)注冊(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)近(jin)似(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao),或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在類似(si)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)上(shang)注冊(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)近(jin)似(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao),應當一(yi)并(bing)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)。對(dui)容(rong)易(yi)導(dao)致(zhi)混(hun)淆或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)有(you)其(qi)他(ta)不(bu)良(liang)影(ying)響的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang),商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)局(ju)(ju)不(bu)予核(he)準,書面(mian)通知申(shen)(shen)請人并(bing)說明理由”而陷入被動。因(yin)為這(zhe)(zhe)條(tiao)(tiao)規定(ding)涉(she)及兩個(ge)問(wen)題(ti),一(yi)個(ge)是相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)類似(si)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)近(jin)似(si)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)需要(yao)(yao)一(yi)并(bing)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)問(wen)題(ti)。根據(ju)這(zhe)(zhe)條(tiao)(tiao)規定(ding),如(ru)果企業(ye)(ye)想轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)純字號商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao),恐怕是需要(yao)(yao)將(jiang)自(zi)己(ji)在相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)類似(si)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)上(shang)注冊(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)一(yi)并(bing)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),但(dan)現實中應該很少有(you)企業(ye)(ye)愿(yuan)意(yi)將(jiang)含有(you)自(zi)己(ji)企業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)給別人而使(shi)自(zi)己(ji)承(cheng)擔不(bu)必要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)險。另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)問(wen)題(ti)是對(dui)容(rong)易(yi)導(dao)致(zhi)其(qi)他(ta)不(bu)良(liang)影(ying)響的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang),商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)局(ju)(ju)不(bu)予核(he)準轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)申(shen)(shen)請。而現實中商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)受(shou)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)義(yi)很可能是與擬(ni)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)不(bu)一(yi)致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)情況(kuang)下就涉(she)嫌違(wei)反《商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)法》第十條(tiao)(tiao)第一(yi)款第(七)項(xiang)關于“帶有(you)欺(qi)騙性(xing),容(rong)易(yi)使(shi)公眾對(dui)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量等特點或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)產(chan)地產(chan)生誤認的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”規定(ding)而不(bu)得作為商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)而無法完成轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)登記程(cheng)序。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)情況(kuang)下,如(ru)果想完成字號商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)讓(rang)(rang)(rang)交易(yi),就需要(yao)(yao)先將(jiang)該企業(ye)(ye)名(ming)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)申(shen)(shen)請注銷。與其(qi)這(zhe)(zhe)樣,不(bu)如(ru)從一(yi)開始就不(bu)要(yao)(yao)做用企業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)做商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)并(bing)提交申(shen)(shen)請的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打算。
第(di)四(si)(si):從長遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)可(ke)能性角度考慮,含有(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱全(quan)(quan)(quan)稱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)很可(ke)能難以得到被許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青睞。根據《商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)法(fa)(fa)》第(di)四(si)(si)十(shi)三條的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定,“商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)(zhu)冊人(ren)可(ke)以通過(guo)簽(qian)訂商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong),許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)他(ta)(ta)人(ren)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)其注(zhu)(zhu)冊商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)。許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)人(ren)應當(dang)監督(du)被許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)人(ren)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)其注(zhu)(zhu)冊商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)質(zhi)量。被許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)人(ren)應當(dang)保證使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)該注(zhu)(zhu)冊商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)質(zhi)量。經(jing)許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)他(ta)(ta)人(ren)注(zhu)(zhu)冊商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),必(bi)須(xu)在使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)該注(zhu)(zhu)冊商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)上(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)明(ming)被許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)稱和商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)產地”。而(er)《商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)法(fa)(fa)實(shi)施條例》第(di)七十(shi)一(yi)條規(gui)定:“違反商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)法(fa)(fa)第(di)四(si)(si)十(shi)三條第(di)二款規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),由工(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)行(xing)政(zheng)管理部(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)責(ze)令限(xian)期改正(zheng);逾期不改正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),責(ze)令停止(zhi)銷(xiao)售,拒不停止(zhi)銷(xiao)售的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),處10萬(wan)元以下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)罰款”。根據上(shang)述規(gui)定試想(xiang),如果A企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)將(jiang)其企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱全(quan)(quan)(quan)稱商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)給(gei)B企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong),B企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)必(bi)須(xu)在使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)該商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)上(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)明(ming)B的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱。這(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)出現(xian)(xian)了同(tong)(tong)一(yi)件(jian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)上(shang)同(tong)(tong)時標(biao)(biao)(biao)注(zhu)(zhu)A、B雙方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱全(quan)(quan)(quan)稱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況,雖然A企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱全(quan)(quan)(quan)稱是(shi)作為(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),但(dan)是(shi)相關(guan)消費者(zhe)很可(ke)能是(shi)不清(qing)楚這(zhe)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),由此可(ke)能認為(wei)兩個名(ming)稱都是(shi)該商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產廠家,并就(jiu)(jiu)此產生(sheng)這(zhe)件(jian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)到底是(shi)哪家生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疑問。想(xiang)不明(ming)白(bai)可(ke)能就(jiu)(jiu)直接放棄購買這(zhe)件(jian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)了。而(er)工(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)行(xing)政(zheng)管理部(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)會(hui)不會(hui)因為(wei)這(zhe)件(jian)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)上(shang)同(tong)(tong)時出現(xian)(xian)了兩個企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱而(er)根據上(shang)述實(shi)施條例的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定對(dui)B進行(xing)質(zhi)疑也是(shi)個問題。無論是(shi)消費者(zhe)因為(wei)有(you)疑問而(er)放棄購買還是(shi)工(gong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)管理部(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)進行(xing)質(zhi)疑或罰款,都會(hui)給(gei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雙方帶來不必(bi)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)麻煩。一(yi)個明(ming)智的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)人(ren)應該也不會(hui)就(jiu)(jiu)這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)簽(qian)訂許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong),這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話就(jiu)(jiu)堵住了含有(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)名(ming)稱全(quan)(quan)(quan)稱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)許(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)可(ke)他(ta)(ta)人(ren)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)之(zhi)路。
當然,可(ke)能(neng)有些企(qi)業(ye)會(hui)問,我以后既(ji)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)轉讓自己的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao),也不(bu)(bu)會(hui)許可(ke)他人(ren)使(shi)用(yong)(yong),同(tong)(tong)時我的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)上(shang)也會(hui)同(tong)(tong)時標(biao)(biao)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)其他商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)幫助消費者識(shi)別,我就(jiu)是想把企(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)下(xia)來然后盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)地獨占使(shi)用(yong)(yong),這(zhe)種情況(kuang)下(xia)有什么辦法或建議嗎?筆(bi)者認為,在(zai)目前國知局和兩(liang)(liang)審法院就(jiu)純(chun)企(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)已經達成缺乏(fa)顯著(zhu)性的(de)(de)一致意見(jian)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia),即便取得了(le)企(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce),也未必能(neng)夠(gou)達到(dao)完(wan)全(quan)獨占使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)愿望,畢竟(jing)缺乏(fa)顯著(zhu)性就(jiu)意味著(zhu)他人(ren)在(zai)相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)類似商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)或服務上(shang)的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)也可(ke)能(neng)含有同(tong)(tong)樣(yang)的(de)(de)元素。但如果非(fei)要注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)企(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)也不(bu)(bu)是不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以,但是首先要做好注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)申請之路(lu)可(ke)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)一帆風順的(de)(de)心里準備,并(bing)有該商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)經歷駁回(hui)復審甚至兩(liang)(liang)審訴訟(song)的(de)(de)打商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)標(biao)(biao)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)持久戰的(de)(de)成本預期。然后建議企(qi)業(ye)盡(jin)量做到(dao)以下(xia)幾點:
1. 首(shou)先確保(bao)企業(ye)的(de)純字號商(shang)標(biao)是(shi)有顯著性(xing)的(de),并且在擬使用的(de)商(shang)品或服務(wu)上已獲準注冊,這有助于在申(shen)請注冊企業(ye)名稱(cheng)全稱(cheng)商(shang)標(biao)時降低因相對(dui)理(li)由被駁回(hui)的(de)風(feng)險。
2. 盡(jin)量(liang)不要將(jiang)純(chun)企業名稱(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)作為(wei)商標(biao)申(shen)請,而是加(jia)上企業的(de)(de)LOGO或者其他具有(you)顯著性的(de)(de)圖形(xing)與企業名稱(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)一(yi)起作為(wei)組(zu)合(he)(he)商標(biao)提交注冊申(shen)請,并且(qie)盡(jin)量(liang)讓企業名稱(cheng)全(quan)稱(cheng)在組(zu)合(he)(he)商標(biao)中占據盡(jin)量(liang)小的(de)(de)空間以提高注冊的(de)(de)成功(gong)率。雖(sui)然有(you)北京高院(yuan)有(you)組(zu)合(he)(he)商標(biao)整體缺顯的(de)(de)在先判例,但是,畢(bi)竟筆(bi)者僅找到這一(yi)個樣本(ben),不能排除所(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)法(fa)官(guan)都持相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)觀點,況(kuang)且(qie)判決生效后(hou)評審階段重(zhong)裁時也未(wei)必會完全(quan)遵照(zhao)法(fa)院(yuan)的(de)(de)意思來做決定。
3. 如(ru)果(guo)首次申(shen)(shen)請被(bei)因缺乏(fa)顯(xian)著性(xing)駁回(hui),盡量將企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或者含(han)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)擬(ni)注冊商(shang)標(biao)(biao)作為商(shang)標(biao)(biao)廣泛使(shi)用(yong)(yong)以在業(ye)內獲得較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)知名(ming)度,同時(shi)保留好(hao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)證據,如(ru)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)交易合同、交易發(fa)票、宣傳材料及相關證據等,然后再提交注冊申(shen)(shen)請,以便于利用(yong)(yong)《商(shang)標(biao)(biao)法》第(di)(di)11條第(di)(di)二(er)款(kuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding),即(ji)“前(qian)款(kuan)所列標(biao)(biao)志經(jing)(jing)過(guo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)取(qu)得顯(xian)著特征,并便于識別的(de)(de)(de)(de),可以作為商(shang)標(biao)(biao)注冊”。畢(bi)竟,雖然北京高院(yuan)在上述案(an)例中否定(ding)了企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著性(xing),但是,在其2019年4月24日發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)《北京市高級人(ren)民(min)法院(yuan)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)授權確權行政案(an)件(jian)審理指南》第(di)(di)8.5條【使(shi)用(yong)(yong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)名(ming)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)注冊商(shang)標(biao)(biao)】的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)中也提到“訴爭商(shang)標(biao)(biao)標(biao)(biao)志僅由申(shen)(shen)請人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)全(quan)(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或簡(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)構成(cheng),或者顯(xian)著識別部分僅是企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)全(quan)(quan)(quan)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)或簡(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de),在不屬于前(qian)款(kuan)所指的(de)(de)(de)(de)情形下,可以認(ren)定(ding)屬于商(shang)標(biao)(biao)法第(di)(di)十一條第(di)(di)一款(kuan)第(di)(di)(三)項規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情形,但是具有(you)顯(xian)著特征且符(fu)合商(shang)業(ye)管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)除外”,這說明只要經(jing)(jing)過(guo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)取(qu)得了商(shang)標(biao)(biao)應有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)著性(xing),還是有(you)獲準注冊的(de)(de)(de)(de)可能性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。
此外,為(wei)(wei)了(le)避免不(bu)必要的(de)誤解(jie),筆者在此說明一下(xia)(xia),本文探討的(de)是(shi)(shi)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)申請人(ren)將(jiang)自己的(de)企(qi)業名稱(cheng)全稱(cheng)作為(wei)(wei)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)或商標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)一部分進行注冊的(de)情況(kuang),如(ru)果是(shi)(shi)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)申請人(ren)將(jiang)與他人(ren)的(de)企(qi)業名稱(cheng)全稱(cheng)或者與自己的(de)企(qi)業名稱(cheng)具有(you)實質(zhi)性(xing)差異(yi)的(de)企(qi)業名稱(cheng)作為(wei)(wei)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)申請,比如(ru)北京優酷(ku)科(ke)技有(you)限公(gong)(gong)司申請“才華有(you)限公(gong)(gong)司”商標(biao)(biao)(biao),那么就不(bu)是(shi)(shi)缺乏顯著性(xing)的(de)問題,而是(shi)(shi)可(ke)能涉嫌(xian)違反(fan)《商標(biao)(biao)(biao)法(fa)》第(di)十條第(di)一款第(di)七項“下(xia)(xia)列標(biao)(biao)(biao)志不(bu)得作為(wei)(wei)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong):。。。。。。(七)帶有(you)欺騙性(xing),容易使(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)眾對商品的(de)質(zhi)量等特點或者產地產生誤認的(de)”的(de)問題了(le)。